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Retinol is Vitamin A (Vitamin A is made from beta carotene (pro-vitamin A) which is what gives carrots their orange color and is an antioxidant found in many fruits and vegetables. A weaker retinoid than retinoic acid (approximately a 10 fold higher concentration of retinol is needed to produce effects similar to a retinoic acid), retinol converts to retinoic acid once on the skin. The increase in retinoic acid made by the cell leads to revitalized skin due to the aforementioned changes: thickened epidermis, improved glycosaminoglycans (ground substance) and elastin, increased numbers of blood vessels (angiogenesis), unplugging of the sebaceous gland. These effects result in a decrease in wrinkles and pore size, as well as lightening of hyperpigmented skin and improvement of acne. Retinols need to be both made and stored in a low oxygen environment (sealed preferably metal container) due to their instability when air hits them. Typical concentrations for true skin activity are 0.2%-1.0%.
| 8 items retinol |
| 8 items retinol |
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